Therefore, one theory should not belong to the other one. The final goals of the two theories are the same, and their results are highly similar. The scientific basis of Chinese and Western medicines should be coherent, although the origin of these two theories varies because of the distinctiveness of the identity between ancient and modern knowledge. Hence, MTrPs may be the precise acupoints in traditional Chinese medicine under modern scientific research, and meridian involves the synthesis of referred pain, nerves, vessels, and fascia mechanics. MTrP is also easily accepted and learned by individuals with a background in modern medicine and those with knowledge in traditional acupuncture. Therefore, MTrP theory is considered a basis for modern acupuncture, which is different from traditional acupuncture theory. Nevertheless, two aspects are highly similar in terms of treatment action, applicable disease, and physiological experiments. Except the difference between two theories, many aspects are related in terms of clinical practice and basic laboratory studies. This paper comprehensively discusses the two aspects of basic theory, diagnosis and treatment of traditional acupuncture, meridian, acupoints, and myofascial trigger points (MTrPs). The use of acupuncture and dry needling has been widely debated, and the main point of contention is whether dry needling has been derived from acupuncture.
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